Samoan Culture – The Spirit of Fa’a Samoa

Known as the “Cradle of Polynesia”, Samoa sits pretty between Hawaii and New Zealand. If there is one country that hasn’t lost its values, traditions and culture through foreign influence, then it should be Samoa. Samoan culture is deeply rooted in Fa’a Samoa. A concept that represents “aiga”, a Samoan word for family that portrays a communal way of life centred on family, respect and harmony. Soamo boasts of a rich cultural heritage where the umu becomes a shared culinary experience and the ava ceremony a sacred bond.

The graceful traditional dance like other, tattoo, or tatau, signifying identity and lineage, have made Samoa a renowned place throughout the Pacific Islands and the world. It’s not surprising that it’s seen as a tropical paradise well-loved by tourists. Although modern influences have touched the islands, Fa’a Samoa continues to shape the Samoan spirit, while Samoa people stay connected to the land and its ancestors. a beloved Somoan, and member of the high chief, Ivan Sulusulumaivasa shares his wealth of knowledge as he delves into Somoa culture, values and traditions.

Fa’a Samoa

Fa’a Samoa, the Samoan way of life, is a profound philosophy that underpins every facet of Samoan society. It is a complex tapestry woven from threads of respect, kinship, spirituality, and communal living. There is ‘aiga,’ the extended family, which serves as a safety net and provides a sense of belonging. Then, there are village elders called “matais” who are expected to serve the community with selflessness and they are well respected in the community.

• Respect

Respect is part of Samoan culture and this is demonstrated through their verbal and non verbal communications. from body language to eye contact to respectful language, there is no room for disrespect. The word ‘fa’aaloalo’ entails reverence, not just for elders but for all members of the community.

• Spirituality

Spirituality is a deep part of Samoan life. Traditional beliefs, with Christianity, are part of their spirituality. The natural world is revered, and ancestors are honoured through ceremonies and prayers. The concept of ‘mana,’ a spiritual power or life force, is believed to reside in people, places, and objects.

• Communal Living

Communal living is the basis of Fa’a Samoa. The village, or ‘nu’u,’ is more than a geographical location; it’s a place where everyone contributes to the collective well-being. They enjoy sharing things, labour and celebrations.

• Language

The Samoan language means “The Samoan Way” literally. The beautiful language is rich in metaphor and nuance and it is ofcourse a vital component of the culture. It is more than just a means of communication; it is a vehicle for preserving history, values, and identity.

Arts and Music

Samoan arts are a vibrant expression of the culture’s soul. Traditional crafts include weaving of mats, baskets, and tapa cloth, adorned with symbolic patterns. Carving is another great art form, with wooden sculptures and tools demonstrating exceptional skill. Samoan music is characterised by its rhythmic and percussive nature. The fa’ataupati, a powerful rhythmic clapping and stamping performance, is a cornerstone of Samoan entertainment. The siva, a graceful dance, often accompanies traditional songs and storytelling. The papa is a more contemporary form of music, blending traditional elements with Western influences.

Ceremonies

Ceremonies in Samoa are significant events that mark life’s milestones and reinforce communal bonds. The ava ceremony, involving the preparation and sharing of kava, is a ritual of respect and hospitality. The soaga is a formal speech making event, where orators showcase their skills and knowledge. Marriages and funerals are elaborate affairs, involving extended family and community participation. In marriage, Samoa do not collect gifts from their guests but rather give out gifts. This is a show of their selflessness and love for others.

Cuisine

Wining and dining is a great part of Samoa whether at festivals or daily lives. “We love to cook on umu, an underground oven, with varieties of meals including meats, fish, and vegetables. Taro, coconut, and sweet potato are staple foods. Dishes like palusami (taro leaves cooked in coconut cream) and fāfie (pork cooked in coconut milk) are beloved delicacies”, Ivan Sulusulumaivasa says with pride.

Tattooing

Tatau, the Samoan tattoo, is a sacred art form with deep cultural significance. While tattoos can be a form of fashion, self-expression or adornment, it carries deeper meaning in Samoa. Traditionally, it was a rite of passage for young men, to symbolise strength, courage, and lineage. It also symbolises faith and community ties. It is a way of showing respect in a community.

Entertainment

Aside from traditional arts and music, Samoa offers a range of entertainment options. Contemporary music, dance, and theatre have gained popularity. The annual Apia Festival is a major cultural event showcasing local talent. Outdoor activities like fishing, swimming, and boating are also popular pastimes. Different festivals to explore include:

• Teuila Festival

The crown jewel of Samoan festivals, Teuila is a week-long extravaganza held in September. It’s a celebration of Samoan culture, featuring traditional dance, music, and crafts. The festival also includes pageants, sporting events, and a lively night market.

• Fiafia Nights

While not a specific festival, Fiafia Nights are a regular occurrence at many resorts and hotels. These evenings offer a taste of Samoan culture through traditional performances, including fire knife dancing (though not a traditional Samoan art), singing, and dancing. Often accompanied by a sumptuous Samoan feast, Fiafia Nights provide a memorable experience for visitors.

• Church Festivals

As an associate minister in a Somaon church, Ivan Sulusulumaivasa says Christianity plays a significant role in Samoan life, and many church-related festivals are celebrated throughout the year. These events often involve community gatherings, singing, and prayer. Ever heard of or experienced Samoa cultures or traditions before? Share your experiences.